Aryl-substituted naphthyridine and pyridopyrazine derivatives, useful as anti-allergic agents

ABSTRACT

Aryl-substituted naphthyridines and pyridopyrazines are disclosed which are useful in treating allergic reactions, inflammation, peptic ulcers and/or hyperproliferative skin disease. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment employing such compounds are also disclosed.

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No.851,068, filed Apr. 11, 1986.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to tricyclic naphthyridine and pyridopyrazinederivatives and to methods for their preparation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The compounds of this invention are free bases and pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts thereof having the structural formula I ##STR1##wherein: X represents CH or N;

A represents O or S;

m is an integer of from 0 to 2;

n is an integer of from 0 to 2;

R¹ and R² are the same or different and each is independently selectedfrom H or alkyl;

W represents a covalent bond or a group selected from --O--, --S(O)_(p)--, --NH--, --N(R⁴)--, --N(COR⁴)--, or --N(SO₂ R⁴) {wherein p is aninteger of from 0 to 2 and R⁴ is alkyl};

B represents alkylene having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, which alkylenemay be optionally substituted with a group selected from --OH, --F,alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, --CH₂ OH, --CHO, --CO₂ H, --COR³{wherein R³ is selected from --NHR⁴, --N(R⁴)₂ or --OR⁴ and R⁴ is asdefined above}, or --CN, with the proviso that OH or F is not on thecarbon adjacent to W when W is --O--,--S(O)_(p) --,--NH--,--N(R⁴)--,--N(COR⁴)-- or --N(SO₂ R⁴);

Q represents an aryl or an aromatic heterocyclic group which canoptionally be substituted with up to 3 substituents Y as defined below;and

each Y substituent is independently selected from --OH, hydroxymethyl,alkyl, halo, --NO₂, alkoxy, --CF₃, --CN, cycloalkyl, alkynyloxy,alkenyloxy, --S(O)_(p) --R⁴ {wherein R⁴ and p are as defined above},--CO--R⁵ {wherein R⁵ represents --OH, --NH₂, --NHR⁴, N(R⁴)₂ or --OR⁴ inwhich R⁴ is as defined above}, --O--D--COR⁵ {wherein D representsalkylene having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R⁵ is as defined above},--NH₂, --NHR⁴, --N(R⁴)₂ {wherein R⁴ is as defined above} or --NHCOH.

Compounds of formula I in which W is oxygen or a covalent bond arepreferred. Also, A is preferably oxygen, while X is preferably CH. Thegroup --B--W-- preferably represents an alkylene or alkyleneoxy group,preferably --(CH₂)₄ --, --(CH₂)₅ --, --(CH₂)₃ O-- or --(CH₂)₄ O--. Othersuitable --B--W-- groups include --CH(OH)(CH₂)₃ --, --CH₂ CH(OH)(CH₂)₂--, --(CH₂)CH(OH)CH₂ --, --(CH₂)₃ CHOH--, --CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₃ --, --CH₂CH(CH₂ OH)CH₂ --, --(CH₂)₃ CH(CH₂ OH)--, --CH(OH)(CH₂)₄ --, --CH₂CH(OH)(CH₂)₃ --, --(CH₂)₂ --CH(OH)(CH₂)₂ --, --(CH₂)₃ CH(OH)CH₂ --,--(CH₂)₄ CH(OH)--, --CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₄ --, --CH₂ CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₃ --,--(CH₂)₂ CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₂ --, --(CH₂)₃ CH(CH₂ OH)CH₂ --, --(CH₂)₄ CH(CH₂OH)--, --CH(OH)(CH₂)₂ O--, --CH₂ CH(OH)CH₂ O--, --CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₂ O--,--CH₂ CH(CH₂ OH)CH₂ O--, --(CH₂)₂ CH(CH₂ OH)O--, --CH(OH)(CH₂)₃ O--,--CH₂ CH(OH)(CH₂)₂ O--, --(CH₂)₂ CH(OH)CH₂ O--, --CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₃ O--,--CH₂ CH(CH₂ OH)(CH₂)₂ O--, --(CH₂)₂ CH(CH₂ OH)CH₂ O--, and --(CH₂)₃CH(CH₂ OH)O--. The letter n preferably represents zero and m ispreferably zero. Q is preferably phenyl or Y-substituted phenyl, and inthe latter case each Y substituent on the Q phenyl ring is preferablyselected from chloro, nitro, methoxy or trifluoromethyl. The mostpreferred orientation for nitro, methoxy and trifluoromethylsubstituents is in the meta position.

A preferred subgenus is represented by the formula II ##STR2## whereinA, H, W, n and Y are as defined above and c is 0 to 2.

When utilized herein, the terms below have the following scope:

halo-represents fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo;

alkyl (including the alkyl portion of alkoxy) and alkylene--representstraight and branched carbon chains and, unless otherwise specified,contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

alkenyloxy--represents straight and branched carbon chains having atleast one carbon to carbon double bond and, unless otherwise specified,contains from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, the alkenyl group thereof beingbonded to an adjacent structural element through an oxygen atom;

alkynyloxy--represents straight and branched carbon chains having atleast one carbon to carbon triple bond and, unless otherwise specified,contains from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, the alkynyl group thereof beingbonded to an adjacent structural element through an oxygen atom;

cycloalkyl--represents saturated carbocyclic rings having from 3 to 7carbon atoms;

aryl--represents a carbocyclic group containing from 6 to 15 carbonatoms and having at least one benzene ring, with all availablesubstitutable carbon atoms thereof being intended as possible points ofattachment to the (CR¹ R²)_(m) group or to the N atom if m is zero. Morepreferably, aryl is phenyl or Y-substituted phenyl. Suitable aryl groupsinclude, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, indenyl, indanyl, 3-chlorophenyl,4-chlorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, etc.;

aromatic heterocyclic--represents cyclic groups having at least one O, Sand/or N in the ring structure and having a sufficient number ofdelocalized pi electrons to provide aromatic character, with thearomatic heterocyclic groups containing from 3 to 14 carbon atoms, e.g.,2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2- or 3-furyl, 2- or 3-thienyl, 2-, 4- or5-thiazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-imidazolyl, 2-, 4-, 5- or 6-pyrimidinyl, 2- or3-yrazinyl, 3- or 4-pyridazinyl, 3-, 5- or 6- [1,2,4-triazinyl], 2-, 3-,4-, 5-, 6- or 7-benzofuranyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-indolyl, 3-, 4- or5-pyrazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-oxazolyl, etc., with all availablesubstitutable carbon atoms thereof being intended as a possible point ofattachment to the (CR¹ R²)_(m) group or to the N atom if m is zero.

The invention in its pharmaceutical composition aspect comprises acompound as described above in combination with a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier.

The invention also includes a method for treating allergic reactions ina mammal which comprises administering an anti-allergic effective amountof the above-defined pharmaceutical composition to the mammal.

The invention in a second pharmaceutical method aspect is a method fortreating inflammation in a mammal which comprises administering ananti-inflammatory effective amount of the above-defined pharmaceuticalcomposition to the mammal.

The invention in a third pharmaceutical method aspect is a method fortreating peptic ulcers in a mammal which comprises administering acytoprotective effective amount of the above defined pharmaceuticalcomposition to the mammal.

The invention in a fourth pharmaceutical method aspect is a method fortreating hyperproliferative skin diseases, e.g. psoriasis, lichenifiedeczema or seborrhoeic dermatitis, in a mammal which comprises topicallyadministering an effective amount of the above-identified pharmaceuticalcomposition to the mammal.

The invention in its process aspect is a method for converting a3-spiro-4-keto-substituted naphthyridin-2-one or7-spiro-8-keto-pyridopyrazin-6-one to a compound of formula I.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The compounds of formula I contain a --(CR¹ R²)_(m) -substituent whereineach R¹ group and each R² group may vary independently. Thus, forexample, when m equals 2 the following patterns of substitution (whereinhydrogen and CH₃ are used to represent any substituent, R¹ or R²) arecontemplated: --C(CH₃)₂ CH₂ --, --CH₂ C(CH₃)₂ --, --CH₂ CH(CH₃)--,--CH(CH₃)CH₂ --, --(C(CH₃)H)₂ -- and the like.

As noted above, the compounds of the invention may include one or two Ysubstituents on the fused ring system. Also, the Q group may include upto three Y substituents depending upon the available sites forsubstitution. In compounds where there is more than one such Ysubstituent, they may be the same or different. Thus, compounds havingcombinations of different Y substituents are contemplated within thescope of the invention. Examples of suitable Y substituents includehydroxy, methyl, chloro, bromo, methoxy, cyclohexyl, allyloxy,2-propynyloxy, methylthio, methylsulfonyl, carboxy, acetoxy,N-methylaminocarbonyl, acetoxymethoxy, acetylamino, methylsulfonylaminoand the like.

Compounds of the invention of formulas I and II can exist in unsolvatedas well as solvated forms, including hydrated forms, e.g., hemihydrate.In general, the solvated forms, with pharmaceutically acceptablesolvents such as water, ethanol and the like are equivalent to theunsolvated forms for purposes of this invention.

Certain compounds of the invention may exist in isomeric forms. Theinvention contemplates all such isomers both in pure form and inadmixture, including racemic mixtures.

Certain compounds of the invention also form pharmaceutically acceptablesalts with organic and inorganic acids, e.g., the pyrido- or pyrazino-nitrogen atoms may form salts with strong acid while compounds havingbasic Y substituents such as amino groups also form salts with weakeracids. Examples of suitable acids for salt formation are hydrochloric,sulfuric, phosphoric, acetic, citric, oxalic, malonic, salicylic, malic,fumaric, succinic, ascorbic, maleic, methanesulfonic and other mineraland carboxylic acids well known to those in the art. The salts areprepared by contacting the free base form with a sufficient amount ofthe desired acid to produce a salt in the conventional manner. The freebase forms may be regenerated by treating the salt with a suitabledilute aqueous base solution such as dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide,potassium carbonate, ammonia and sodium bicarbonate. The free base formsdiffer from their respective salt forms somewhat in certain physicalproperties, such as solubility in polar solvents, but the salts areotherwise equivalent to their respective free base forms for purposes ofthe invention.

Also, some compounds of this invention are acidic, e.g., when Y is OH,and can form salts with inorganic and organic bases.

The compounds of this invention may be synthesized from thecorresponding 3-spiro-4-keto analogues of formula III below, ##STR3##which may be synthesized following the procedures described in copendingU.S. application Serial Nos. 561,416, filed Dec. 14, 1983 now U.S. Pat.No. 4,652,564 and 641,076, filed Aug. 15, 1984 now U.S. Pat. No.4,632,923 and in EPO Publication No. 0 144 996, published June 19, 1985,the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference for thispurpose. Alternative synthetic routes for the synthesis of thesestarting materials and substitutional variants thereof may beaccomplished by those skilled in the art.

This process involves a selective reduction of the 4-keto group of thecompound of formula III followed by dehydration and rearrangement in thepresence of a strong organic or inorganic acid. In particular, compoundof formula III is selectively reduced at the 4 position using a reducingagent capable of reducing ketones in the presence of an amide functionin an acidic medium, e.g., a hydride reducing agent, to produce acompound of formula IV ##STR4## Examples of suitable reducing agents forthis step are sodium cyanoborohydride and tert-butylamine borane. For adiscussion of such selective reducing agents, see, for example, HerbertC. Brown, Boranes in Organic Chemistry, Cornell University Press, Ithacaand London, 1972, the relevant disclosure of which is herebyincorporated by reference. The reactions may be performed with cooling,with heating or at room temperature, as appropriate for the particularmaterial being treated, e.g. at about 0° C. to about 40° C. Typically,the reaction is essentially complete in several minutes, but somereactions take several days to obtain maximum yield.

Suitable solvents are those which are capable of dissolving the startingmaterials and which do not react with the reducing agent to make thesolution basic, of which aqueous alcohol and aqueous tetrahydrofuran incombination with a weak mineral or carboxylic acid, such as acetic acid,are examples.

The compounds according to structural formula IV are treated, either intheir impure state or after suitable purification using techniques wellknown to those versed in the art, e.g., chromatography, with a strongorganic or inorganic acid such as H₂ SO₄, methanesulfonic acid, Eaton'sreagent, polyphosphoric acid, etc., or strongly acidic salts such asNaHSO₄. I have found that super acids having a Hammett acidity functionof less than about minus 12, i.e., minus 13, minus 14, etc., provideparticularly advantageous results in this process. Suitable super acidsinclude trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, HF/BF₃, CH₃ SO₃ H/BF₃, etc. Thismeasure of acidity is defined in Hammett, Louis P., and Deyup, Alden J.,Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 54, 1932, p. 2721. Thetime and temperature of the reaction can vary depending on the acidemployed. For example, with CF₃ SO₃ H as the acid the temperature isgenerally in the range of from about room temperature (e.g., 25° C.) orbelow to about 150° C. Lower temperature (e.g., from about -78° C. toabout 25° C.) may also be employed with for example, HF/BF₃. The acid isalso generally used in excess, e.g., in an amount of from about 1.5 toabout 30 equivalents. While not wishing to be bound to a specificmechanism, it appears that this treatment causes rearrangement of thespiro ring to form the ring ##STR5## with the elimination of water, thusproviding compounds of formula I. No diluent is required, but an inertcosolvent, such as a halohydrocarbon, e.g., methylene chloride, may beused.

Certain compounds of the invention can be prepared by an alternativereaction scheme employing as starting materials compounds of the formulaV ##STR6## wherein R¹, R², Q, X, Y, m and n are as defined above and R⁶is an alkyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Such compounds can beprepared as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,492,702 or by reaction of acompound of the formula VI with a compound of formula VII ##STR7##wherein R¹, R², R⁶, Q, X, Y, m and n are as defined above and R⁷ and R⁸are the same or different and are alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

In this alternative method, the compound of formula V is first reactedwith an electrophilic halogenating agent, e.g., Br₂, I₂ +KI, ICl, etc.,to produce a compound of formula VIII: ##STR8## wherein Z representshalo. This reaction can be performed in an inert solvent and at anysuitable temperature, preferably, at room temperature or below.

The compound of formula VIII is subjected to a nucleophilic displacementwith an alcohol, e.g., an alkanol such as methanol or an aralkanol suchas benzyl alcohol. For example, the compound of formula VIII may bereacted with 1,8-diazobicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene [DBU] and an alcohol,with the alcohol group replacing the halide group to produce a compoundof formula IX ##STR9## wherein R⁹ is the residue of the alcohol, e.g.alkyl group such as methyl or aralkyl group such as benzyl. Thisreaction may be conducted in an inert solvent and at any suitabletemperature, again preferably at room temperature or below.

The compound of formula IX is reacted with a compound of the formulaM--(CR¹⁰ R¹¹)_(r) CR¹² ═CR¹³ R¹⁴ {wherein M is an alkali metal such asLi or is Mg--Z where Z is a halo group; R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³ and R¹⁴ maybe the same or different and each is selected from H or alkyl havingfrom 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and r is 0 or 1} to produce a compound offormula X ##STR10## This reaction is performed under conventionalconditions, e.g., in an inert solvent such as THF or diethyl ether andat any suitable temperature up to reflux.

The R⁹ group is then removed with an ether cleaving reagent, e.g., CF₃SO₃ H, BBr₃, C₂ H₅ SH and AlCl₃, K⁺ C₂ H₅ S⁻ in DMF, Na⁺ C₂ H₅ S⁻ inDMF, etc., under conventional reaction conditions for such reactions toproduce a compound of formula XI ##STR11##

The R⁶ alkyl group is eliminated and a cyclization/dehydration iseffected by use of a strong organic or inorganic acid, such as CF₃ SO₃H, polyphosphoric acid, Eaton's reagent, P₂ O₅ in CHCl₃, etc., toproduce an alkene from the R⁶ group and a compound of formula XII##STR12## When r is 1, the following isomer may also result: ##STR13##This reaction can be performed neat or with an inert solvent and at anysuitable temperature, preferably at room temperature or below.

In another method similar to that described in C. Keneko, T. Naito andM. Somei, J.C.S. Chem. Comm., 804 (1979), a compound of formula XIII##STR14## {wherein R¹, R², R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴, Q, X, Y, m, n and rare are defined above} can be irradiated with ultraviolet radiation,e.g., about 3000 Å, to produce a compound of formula XIV ##STR15## Thecompound of formula XIII is preferably in an inert solvent, e.g., analcohol such as methanol or methanol/CH₂ Cl₂, and the reaction mixturemay be cooled during irradiation, if necessary. The starting compoundsof formula XIII can be prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat.No. 4,492,702.

The compound of formula XIV is reacted with a strong base such as a saltof an alcohol, e.g., a sodium or potassium alkoxide such as NaOCH₃, toproduce a compound of formula XV ##STR16## This latter reaction can beconducted in an inert solvent, e.g., an alcohol such as methanol, and atany suitable temperature, preferably at about 75° to about 125° C.

The compounds of this invention wherein A is sulfur may be obtained bytreating the purified 2-carbonyl compound of formula I with thiatingreagents well known in the art. Lawesson's Reagent{2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl-1,3-dithia-2,4-diphosphetane-2,4-disulfide} orone of its analogs, in toluene, or phosphorus pentasulfide in pyridineare suitable for this purpose.

For preparing pharmaceutical compositions from the compounds describedby this invention, inert, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers areadmixed with the active compounds. The pharmaceutically acceptablecarriers may be either solid or liquid. Solid form preparations includepowders, tablets, dispersible granules, capsules, cachets andsuppositories. A solid carrier can be one or more substances which mayalso act as diluents, flavoring agents, solubilizers, lubricants,suspending agents, binders or tablet disintegrating agents; it may alsobe an encapsulating material. In powders, the carrier is a finelydivided solid which is in admixture with the finely divided activecompound. In the tablet, the active compound is mixed with carrierhaving the necessary binding properties in suitable proportions andcompacted in the shape and size desired. The powders and tabletspreferably contain from 5 to about 70% of the active ingredient.Suitable solid carriers are magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate,talc, sugar, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, tragacanth,methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a low melting wax, cocoabutter and other materials typically used in the pharmaceuticalindustries. The term "preparation" is intended to include theformulation of the active compound with encapsulating material ascarrier, providing a capsule in which the active component (with orwithout other carriers) is surrounded by a carrier, which is thus inassociation with it. Similarly, cachets are included. Tablets, powders,cachets and capsules can be used as solid dosage forms suitable for oraladministration.

For preparing suppositories, a low melting wax such as a mixture offatty acid glycerides or cocoa butter is first melted and the activeingredient is dispersed homogeneously therein as by stirring. The moltenhomogeneous mixture is then poured into convenient sized molds, allowedto cool and thereby solidify.

Liquid form preparations include solutions, suspensions and emulsions.As an example may be mentioned water or water-propylene glycol solutionsfor parenteral injection. Liquid preparations can also be formulated insolution or suspension in aqueous polyethylene glycol solution. Acueoussolutions suitable for oral use can be prepared by adding the activecomponent in water and adding suitable colorants, flavoring,stabilizing, sweetening, solubilizing and thickening agents as desired.Aqueous suspensions suitable for oral use can be made by dispersing thefinely divided active component in water with viscous material, i.e.,natural or synthetic gums, resins, methylcellulose, sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose and other well-known suspending agents.

Formulations for topical application may include creams, aerosols,sprays, dusts, powders, lotions and ointments which are prepared bycombining an active ingredient according to this inventions withconventional pharmaceutical diluents and carriers commonly used intopical dry, liquid, cream and aerosol formulations. Ointments andcreams may, for example, be formulated with an aqueous or oily base withthe addition of suitable thickening and/or gelling agents. Such basesmay, thus, for example, include water and/or an oil such as liquidparaffin or a vegetable oil such as peanut oil or castor oil. Thickeningagents which may be used according to the nature of the base includesoft paraffin, aluminum stearate, cetostearyl alcohol, propylene glycol,polyethylene glycols, woolfat, hydrogenated lanolin, beeswax, etc.

Lotions may be formulations with an aqueous or oily base and will, ingeneral, also include one or more of the following, namely, stabilizingagents, emulsifying agents, dispersing agents, suspending agents,thickening agents, coloring agents, perfumes and the like.

Powders may be formed with the aid of any suitable powder base, e.g.talc, lactose, starch, etc. Drops may be formulated with an aqueous baseor non-aqueous base also comprising one or more dispersing agents,suspending agents, solubilizing agents, etc.

The topical pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention mayalso include one or more preservatives or bacteriostatic agents, e.g.,methyl hydroxybenzoate, propyl hydroxybenzoate, chlorocresol,benzalkonium chlorides, etc.

The topical pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention mayalso contain other active ingredients such as antimicrobial agents,particularly antibiotics, anesthetics, analgesics and antipruriticagents.

Also included are solid form preparations which are intended to beconverted, shortly before use, to liquid form preparations for eitheroral or parenteral administration. Such liquid forms include solutions,suspensions and emulsions. These particular solid form preparations aremost conveniently provided in unit dose form and as such are used toprovide a single liquid dosage unit. Alternatively, sufficient solid maybe provided so that after conversion to liquid form, multiple individualliquid doses may be obtained by measuring predetermined volumes of theliquid form preparation as with a syringe, teaspoon or other volumetriccontainer. The solid form preparations intended to be converted toliquid form may contain, in addition to the active material, flavorants,colorants, stabilizers, buffers, artificial and natural sweeteners,dispersants, thickeners, solubilizing agents and the like. The solventutilized for preparing the liquid form preparation may be water,isotonic aqueous salt solutions, ethanol, glycerine, propylene glycoland the like, as well as mixtures thereof. The solvent utilized will bechosen with regard to the route of administration, for example, liquidpreparations containing large amounts of ethanol are not generallysuitable for parenteral use.

The compounds of the invention may also be deliverable transdermally forsystemic distribution. The transdermal compositions can take the form ofcreams, lotions and/or emulsions and can be included in a transdermalpatch of the matrix or reservoir type as are conventional in the art forthis purpose.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical preparation is in unit dosage form. Insuch form, the preparation is subdivided into unit doses containingappropriate quantities of the active components. The unit dosage formcan be a packaged preparation, the package containing discretequantities of preparation such as packaged tablets, capsules and powdersin vials or ampules. The unit dosage form can also be a capsule, cachetor tablet itself, or it may be the appropriate number of any of these ina packaged form.

The compounds of this invention may be employed as anti-allergy agentsin the treatment of, for example, asthma, allergic or seasonal rhinitis,and/or chronic bronchitis. The anti-allergy method of this invention isidentified by tests which measure a compound's inhibition ofanaphylactic bronchospasm in sensitized guinea pigs having antigeninduced broncho-constriction.

In one such test procedure, male Hartley guinea pigs (250-300 g) aresensitized with 5 mg ovalbumin injected i.p. and 5 mg injected s.c. in 1ml saline on day 1 and 5 mg ovalbumin injected i.p. on day 4. Thesensitized animals are used 3-4 weeks later at which time they weigh450-500 g.

The sensitized guinea pigs are fasted overnight and the followingmorning are anesthetized with 0.9 ml/kg i.p. of dialurethane (0.1 g/mldiallybarbituric acid, 0.4 g/ml ethylurea and 0.4 g/ml urethane). Thetrachea are cannulated and the animals are ventilated by a Harvard®rodent respirator at 50 strokes/minute with a stroke volume of 5 ml. Aside arm to the tracheal cannula is connected to a pressure transducer(Harvard) to obtain a continuous measure of intratracheal pressure whichis recorded on a polygraph (Harvard). The jugular vein is cannulated forthe i.v. administration of substances. The animals are challenged withantigen (0.5% ovalbumin) as an aerosol generated from a DeVilbiss® Model65 ultrasonic nebulizer and delivered through the tracheal cannula for30 seconds. Bronchoconstriction is measured as the peak increase inintratracheal pressure occurring within 5 minutes after antigenchallenge.

The sensitized guinea pigs are injected i.v. with 1 mg/kg propranolol, 5mg/kg indomethacin and 2 mg/kg mepyramine given together in a volume of1 ml/kg. Fifteen minutes later the animals are challenged with nebulizedovalbumin. Test compounds are administered orally 2 hours beforechallenge with ovalbumin. Suppression of anaphylactic bronchospasm isexpressed as a percent inhibition of the peak increase in intratrachealpressure by comparison to a vehicle-treated control group.

Four compounds of the invention tested in the above procedure were foundto inhibit anaphylactic brochospasm as indicated in Table I below:

                  TABLE I                                                         ______________________________________                                         ##STR17##                                                                                                  ED.sub.50 (p.o.)-in                             Compound                      anaphylactic                                    No.      Y       BW           bronchospam test                                ______________________________________                                        1        m-Cl    (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                           2 mg/kg                                         2        H       (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                           2 mg/kg                                         (hemihydrate)                                                                 3        m-Cl    (CH.sub.2).sub.4O                                                                          5 mg/kg                                         4        H       (CH.sub.2).sub.4O                                                                          1 mg/kg                                         ______________________________________                                    

These compounds were also found to inhibit allergen-induced histaminerelease from guinea pig and human sensitized tissue.

The compounds are effective non-adrenergic, non-anticholinergic,antianaphylactic agents. When administered orally they are active atdoses from about 0.5 to 25 mg/kg of body weight, preferably 0.5 to 10mg/kg; when administered parenterally, e.g., intravenously, thecompounds are active at dosages of from about 0.1 to 5 mg/kg body weightpreferably 0.1 to 2.5, and when administered by inhalation (aerosol ornebulizer) the compounds are active at dosages of about 0.1 to 5 mg perpuff, one to four puffs may be taken every 4 hours.

The compounds of this invention are also useful for the treatment ofinflammation. Thus, they are useful in the treatment of arthritis,bursitis, tendonitis, gout and other physical conditions characterizedby inflammation. The anti-inflammatory use of the compounds of thisinvention may be demonstrated by the Reversed Passive Arthus ResponseTechnique, as described below.

Reversed Passive Arthus Response (RPAR) Animals, Materials and Methods

Male Lewis inbred albino rats weighing 180-200 grams obtained fromCharles River Breeding Laboratories are used in these experiments. Therats are housed 3 animals/cage and food and water are allowed adlibitum. The animals are numbered 1-3 in each cage and color marked foridentification purposes.

Drug and Reagent Preparation

All reagents and drugs are prepared just prior to the study.Crystallized and lyophilized bovine serum albumin (BSA), available fromSigma Chemical Company, is solubilized without shaking in cold, sterile,pyrogen-free saline (10 mg/ml). Lyophilized anti-bovine serum albumin(IgG fraction), obtained from Cappel Laboratories, is suspended insterile distilled water and diluted with cold, pyrogen-free saline (PFS)just prior to use. The final concentration of anti-bovine serum albuminis 0.5 mg/ml of PFS. Both BSA and anti-BSA solutions are iced duringuse. Drugs are suspended or solubilized in an aqueous solution of methylcellulose (MC) with an homogenizer just prior to administration.

Drug Administration and Induction of Inflammation

Groups of animals (6/group) are dosed with drug in MC by gavage oncedaily for 3 days. The last dose is administered one hour prior tosensitization with BSA. Controls are given MC alone and a drug-standardis usually included in each assay for verification purposes. Drugs areprepared and diluted so as to provide a dose for a 200 gram animal whichis equivalent to the mg/kg dose for each experiment. Thus each ratreceives an oral dose in a volume of approximately 2.0 cc. One hourafter the last dose the animals are lightly anesthetized with ether and"sensitized" by injection of 0.2 ml of PFS containing 1.0 mg of BSA intothe penile vein. One hour later, the animals are "challenged" in theright rear paw with subplantar injections of 0.2 ml of ml of PFScontaining 0.1 mg of anti-BSA. Immediately after the subplantarinjection, the right paw is dipped (uo to the lateral maleolus) into themercury well of a plethysmograph. The volume of mercury displaced isconverted to weight and recorded. This value is considered to be thecontrol reading for the animal. Paw volumes are subsequently recordedwith a plethysmograph during the development of the inflammation at 2and 4 hours post-challenge.

Results

Results are expressed by the change in paw volume (Δ paw volume) fromthe control reading for each animal to that recorded 2 and 4 hourspost-challenge. All drug treated groups are compared to the MC controlfor significant differences with an analysis of variance. Differencesfrom control in drug-treated groups are expressed as percent change fromcontrol in Table II.

                  TABLE II                                                        ______________________________________                                         ##STR18##                                                                                                   Percent Inhibition                             Compound              Dose     vs. Control                                    No.     Y      BW         (p.o)  at 2 hrs.                                                                            at 4 hrs.                             ______________________________________                                        1       m-Cl   (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                         25 mg/kg                                                                             64     30                                    2       H      (CH.sub.2).sub.4                                                                         25 mg/kg                                                                             75     29                                    (hemi-                                                                        hydrate)                                                                      4       H      (CH.sub.2).sub.4 O                                                                       25 mg/kg                                                                             74     25                                    ______________________________________                                    

On the basis of the test results, an oral dosage range of from about 5mg/kg of body weight per day to about 50 mg/kg of body weight per day individed doses taken at about 4 hour intervals is recommended. The dosageto be administered and the route of administration depends upon theparticular compound used, the age and general health of the patient andthe severity of the inflammatory condition. Thus, the dose ultimatelydecided upon must be left to the judgment of a trained health-carepractitioner.

The compounds of this invention are also useful in the treatment ofpeptic ulcers. They display chemotherapeutic activity which enables themto relieve the symptoms of peptic ulcer disease and stress ulceration,and to promote healing of gastric and/or duodenal ulcers. The antiulceractivity of the compounds of this invention is identified by standardtests which measure the cytoprotective effect in rats, e.g., by inducinggastrointestinal damage with ethanol prior to administering a compoundof the invention. The compounds may be used as conjunctive therapeuticagents for coadministration with such anti-inflammatory/analgesic agentsas aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, ibuprofen, naproxen, tolmetinand other agents. The compounds of this invention prevent the untowardside effects of irritation and damage to the gastrointestinal tractcaused by such agents.

In the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, and the prevention andtreatment of drug-induced gastric ulceration, the active compounds ofthis invention can be administered in unit dosage forms such as tablets,capsules, pills, powders, granules, sterile parenteral solutions orsuspensions, suppositories, mechanical delivery devices, e.g.transdermal, and the like. The compounds of this invention may beadministered at doses of about 0.05-50 mg/kg of body weight per day.Preferably the total dosages are administered in 2-4 divided doses perday.

The compounds of formula I are useful in the treatment ofhyperproliferative skin disease, e.g., psoriasis, which utility may bedemonstrated by the Arachidonic Acid Mouse Ear Test as described below.

Other forms of hyperproliferative skin disease for which the compoundsof the invention may be used include, e.g., lichenified eczema andseborrheic dermatitis.

Arachidonic Acid Mouse Ear Test, Materials and Methods

Charles River, female, CD, (SD) BR mice, 6 weeks old, are caged 8/groupand allowed to acclimate 1-3 weeks prior to use.

Arachidonic acid (AA) is dissolved in reagent grade acetone (2 mg/0.01ml) and stored at -20° C. for a maximum of 1 week prior to use.Inflammatory reactions are induced by applying 10 μl of AA to bothsurfaces of one ear (4 mg total).

Test drugs are dissolved in either reagent grade acetone or aqueousethanol (only if insoluble in acetone) at the same doses selected byOpas et al., Fed. Proc. 43, Abstract 2983, p. 1927 (1984) and Young etal., J. Invest. Dermatol. 82, pp 367-371 (1984). These doses areemployed to ensure maximum responses and to overcome any difference intopical absorption which could occur with any drug applied in an aqueousethanol vehicle. The test drug is applied 30 minutes prior to challengewith AA.

The severity of the inflammation is measured as a function of increasedear weight. A 6 mm punch biopsy is removed 1 hour after AA challenge andweighed to the nearest 0.1 mg. Mean ± standard error and all possiblecomparisons are made via Duncan's Multiple Range Statistic.

When administered for the treatment of hyperproliferative skin disease,the compounds of formula I may be administered topically, orally,rectally or parenterally. When administered topically, the amount ofcompound administered varies widely with the amount of skin beingtreated, as well as with the concentration of active ingredient appliedto the affected area. When administered orally, the compounds of formulaI are effective for the treatment of hyperproliferative skin disease atdaily doses ranging from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 100 mg/kg, preferablyfrom about 5 mg/kg to about 50 mg/kg, which may be administered individed doses. Whe administered rectally, the compounds of formula I maybe administered in daily doses ranging from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 100mg/kg. When administered parenterally, the compounds of formula I areeffective for the tretament of hyperproliferative skin disease in dailydoses ranging from about 0.1 mg/kg body weight to about 10 mg/kg bodyweight which may be administered in divided doses.

As a result of the topical administration of a compound of formula I, aremission of the symptoms of the psoriatic patient, in most cases, canbe expected. Thus, one affected by psoriasis can expect a decrease inscaling, erythema, size of the plaques, pruritus and other symptomsassociated with psoriasis. The dosage of medicament and the length oftime required for successfully treating each individual psoriaticpatient may vary, but those skilled in the art of medicine will be ableto recognize these variations and adjust the course of therapyaccordingly.

Included within the invention are preparation for topical application tothe skin whereby the compounds having structural formula I are effectivein the treatment and control of skin diseases characterized by rapidrates of cell proliferation and/or abnormal cell proliferation, e.g.psoriasis lichenified eczema and seborrheic dermatitis.

In a preferred method of carrying out the invention, a pharmaceuticalformulation comprising a compound of formula I together with anon-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable topical carrier, usually inconcentrations in the range of from about 0.001 percent to about 10percent, preferably from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent, isapplied several times daily to the affected skin until the condition hasimproved. Topical applications may then be continued at less frequentintervals (e.g. once a day) to control mitosis in order to preventreturn of severe disease conditions.

In all of the above modes of treatment, the dosage to be administeredand the route of administration depends upon the particular compoundselected, the age and general health of the subject, and the severityand type of condition to be controlled. Thus, the dose ultimatelyprovided must be left to the judgment of a trained health-carepractitioner.

The quantity of active compound in a unit dose preparation may be variedor adjusted from 1 mg to 100 mg according to the particular applicationand the potency of the active ingredient and the intended treatment. Thecomposition may, if desired, also contain other therapeutic agents.

When administered parenterally, e.g. intravenously, the compounds areadministered at a dosage range of about 0.1 to 5 mg/kg of body weight insingle or multiple daily doses.

The invention disclosed herein is exemplified by the followingpreparative examples, which should not be construed to limit the scopeof the disclosure. Alternative mechanistic pathways and analogousstructures within the scope of applicants invention, may be apparent tothose skilled in the art.

PREPARATIVE EXAMPLE 11'-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1',4'-dihydro-4'-hydroxy-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'(2'H)-[1,8]-naphthyridin]-2'-one

To a solution of 2.2 g (6.73 mmol.) of1'-(3-chlorophenyl)-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-[1,8]-naphthyridin]-2',4'-(1'H)dionein 176 mL of (1:1) THF: EtOH (abs.) was added 2.54 g (40 mmol.) of NaBH₃CN and 3.0 mL of acetic acid. The solution was stirred at roomtemperature. An additional 0.2 g (3.2 mmol.) of NaBH₃ CN and 0.3 mL ofacetic acid were added on the fourth day. After 9 days the reaction wasstopped by slow addition of 10 mL of water. After concentration, theresidue was purified by column chromatography, eluting with CHCl₃ -CH₃OH(95:5) to yield a colorless solid, 1.82 g. (5.53 mmol. 82%).

Recrystallization from CHCl₃ and diethyl ether (Et₂ O) yielded theproduct, m.p. 144°-146° C.

PREPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2(SR,RS)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1,3',4,4',5',6'-hexahydro-spiro[1,8-naphthyridine-3(2H),2'[2H]-pyran]-2-one(Compound A) and(RS,RS)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxy-1,3',4,4',5',6'-hexahydro-spiro[1,8,-naphthyridine-3(2H),2'[2H]-pyran]-2-one(Compound B)

To a solution of 1.0 g (2.92 mmol.) of1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-spiro[1,8-naphthyridine-3,2'-[2H]-pyran]-2,4-dionein 80 mL of (1:1) THF/C₂ H₅ OH (abs.) was added 0.734 g (11.66 mmol.) ofNaBH₃ CN and 0.6 mL of acetic acid. The solution was stirred at roomtemperature for 5 days, then it was quenched by the addition of 5 mL ofwater. After concentration, the residue was purified by columnchromatography over silica gel, eluting with CHCl₃ --CH₃ OH (95:5), toyield 1.06 g (95%) of a mixture of the diastereomers, Compounds A and B.These were separated by preparative reversed-phase HPLC, eluting withCH₃ CN-H₂ O-CH₃ COOH (30:70:1) to yield 0.52 g (54%) of Compound A, m.p.183°-184.5° C., and 0.12 g (12%) of Compound B, m.p. 186.5°-188.5° C.

PREPARATIVE EXAMPLE 34-Hydroxy-1,3',4,4',5',6'-hexahydro-1-phenyl-spiro[1,8-naphthyridine-3(2H),2'[2H]-pyran]-2-one(mixture of diastereomers)

In a stirred mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF) (200 mL) and C₂ H₅ OH (200mL) was suspended1-phenyl-3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-spiro[1,8-naphthyridin-3,2'-[2H]-pyran]-2,4-dione(6.2 g) at room temperature. To the suspension was added acetic acid(2.6 mL) and tertbutylamine-borane (3.24 g).

After stirring for about 1 hour, water (ca. 200 mL) was added and themixture was concentrated under vacuum to a volume of about 100 mL.Additional water (400 mL) was added and the mixture was extracted withmethylene chloride. The methylene chloride extract was separated, driedover sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. Ether was then added andthe mixture was cooled. The resulting solid was removed by filtration,washed with fresh ether and dried to yield the desired product as amixture of diastereomers, m.p. 211°-213° C.

By the methods described in Preparative Examples 1-3, the followingcompounds were prepared:1',4'-Dihydro-4'-hydroxy-1'-phenyl-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'-(2'H)[1,8]-naphthyridin]-2'-one,m.p. 148°-150° C.; and1',4'-dihydro-4'-hydroxy-1'-phenyl-spiro[furan-2,3-(2'H)[1,8]-naphythridin]-2'-one,mixture of diastereomers, m.p. 220°-222° C.

EXAMPLE 17,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-5-phenyl-benzo[c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6-(5H)-one

A solution containing 1.2 g (4.07 mmol.) of1',4'-dihydro-4'-hydroxy-1'-phenyl-spiro[cyclopentane-1,3'(2'H)-[1,8]-naphthyridin]-2'-onein 5.0 mL of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was stirred at roomtemperature for 1.75 hours.

To this solution was added 100 mL of water and the resulting solutionwas adjusted to pH 5.0 with 2N NaOH. The precipitate was collected byfiltration, washed with water, and redissolved in 200 mL of CH₂ Cl₂. Theorganic solution was washed twice with 50 mL of saturated NaHCO₃solution, then with 100 mL of H₂ O, dried with MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated in vacuo to yield 0.62 g (55%) of material, which wasrecrystallized from CHCl₃ /Et₂ O to yield the desired product, m.p.160°-162° C.

EXAMPLE 22,3-Dihydro-6-phenyl-1H-pyrano[2,3,-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one,1/4H₂ O

To trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (5.0 mL) was added slowly, in portions,1',4'-dihydro-4'-hydroxy-1'phenylspiro[furan-2,3-(2'H)-[1,8]-naphythyridin]-2'-one(1.0 g) using a solid powder addition funnel, under N₂ at roomtemperature. The reaction was followed by HPLC and TLC which showed thatone diastereomer rearranged faster than the other but that botheventually disappeared, after a total of about 24 hours.

The resulting solution was poured into ice-water (200 mL) containingNaOH (2.26 g). The pH was then adjusted to 4 with 1N HCl. Theprecipitate which formed on standing was collected, washed with waterand purified by chromatography on silica gel (100 g), eluting with CH₂Cl₂ containing 2.5% of methanol, to yield the desired product, m.p.250°-252° C.

In a similar manner, except for the length of time for which thereaction is run (progress followed by TLC), the following compounds wereprepared:

5-(3-Chlorophenyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo[c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6(5H)-one,m.p. 133°-135° C.;

7-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-oxepino[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6(7H)-one,m.p. 191°-193° C.; and

7-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-oxepino[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6(7H)-one,m.p. 215°-217° C.

EXAMPLE 3 2,3-Dihydro-6-phenyl-1H-pyrano[2,3-c][1,8]-naphythyridin-5(6H)-thione.

A suspension of2,3-dihydro-6-phenyl-1H-pyrano[2,3-c][1,8]-naphythyridin-5(6H)-one indry toluene is stirred and heated in an N₂ atmosphere with a slightexcess of Lawesson's Reagent[2,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-dithia-2,4-diphosphetane-2,4-disulfide] at50° C. then at gradually increasing temperatures (15° C. intervals, upto the reflux temperature) until TLC shows that reaction is occurring.Heating is continued until essentially no starting material remains;then the mixture is cooled, filtered, evaporated and purified bychromatography to yield the desired product.

By following the procedure of Example 3, or modifications well known toone skilled in the art, other sulfur-containing analogs of the inventionmay be produced.

EXAMPLE 4 1,2-Dihydro-5-phenylfuro[2,3-c][1,8] naphthyridin-4(5H)-one

Dissolve 3-n-butyl-4-hydroxy-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one (10 g)in CH₂ Cl₂ (1 L). Add a solution of Br₂ (1.74 mL, 5.43 g) in CH₂ Cl₂ (30mL) slowly. Stir briefly after the addition, then wash with water andevaporate. Recrystallize the intermediate bromo-compound(3-bromo-3-n-butyl-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2,4(1H)-dione) from CH₂ Cl₂/diethyl ether/hexane and redissolve it in CH₂ Cl₂ (200 mL) and CH₃ OH(75 mL). Add DBU (12 mL, about 3 equiv.) and stir at room temperature.Evaporate off the solvents after about 1 hour and redissolve the residuein CH₂ Cl₂ (750 mL). Add H₂ O and adjust the aqueous layer to pH ofabout 4 with 1N HCl. Dry with MgSO₄ and evaporate. Recrystallize theproduct (3-n-butyl-3-methoxy-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2,4(1H)-dione)from diethyl ether/CH₂ Cl.sub. 2 and purify, if necessary, bychromatography over silica gel, eluting with CH₂ Cl₂ containing 5% ethylacetate.

Dissolve the purified product (5 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (THF) (50 mL)and cool to below 0° C. Add a slight excess of vinyl magnesium bromide(1M in THF) and allow to react for 1 hour, then warm to roomtemperature. Add aqueous NH₄ Cl solution (50 mL), evaporate off the THFand extract into CH₂ Cl₂ (2×50 mL). Wash with H₂ O (2×50 mL), dry withNa₂ SO₄ and evaporate to yield a mixture of diastereomeric alcohols(diastereomers of3-n-butyl-4-ethenyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one).

Dissolve the mixture in CH₂ Cl₂ (50 mL) and cool to -78° C. Add a slightexcess of BBr₃ in CH₂ Cl₂ (10 mL) and stir for 1 hour. Allow to warm toroom temperature, add H₂ O (25 mL) and adjust the pH of the aqueouslayer to 4. Separate the organic layer, wash with water (2×25 mL), drywith Na₂ SO₄, and evaporate. Dissolve the crude product(3-n-butyl-4-ethenyl-3,4-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one)in cold CF₃ SO₃ H (below 0° C.) (20 mL) and stir until reaction iscomplete, as shown by HPLC analysis of a small sample. Allow to warm toroom temperature, then pour into ice-water, adjust the pH to 4 andextract with CH₂ Cl₂ (2×50 mL). Wash the organic layer with H₂ O (2×25mL), dry with MgSO₄, evaporate and purify by column chromatography oversilica gel, eluting with increasing concentrations of ethyl acetate inCH₂ Cl₂. Evaporate the fractions containing the product andrecrystallize to yield the desired product.

EXAMPLE 51,2-Dihydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-phenylcyclobuta(c)[1,8]naphthyridin-3(4H)-one

A solution of 4-(2-propenyloxy)-1-phenyl-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one (1.0g) in methanol (350 mL) under an atmosphere of nitrogen was irradiatedat 3000Å for 31/2 days. Solvent was removed under vacuum and thereaction product purified by chromatography on silica gel in CH₂ Cl₂containing 10% ethyl acetate. The fractions containing the product werecombined and evaporated to yield 3(S R),9b(RS)-3,3a-dihydro-5-phenyl-3,9b-methano-2H-furo[3,2-c][1,8]naphthyridin-4(5H)-one,which was recrystallized from CH₂ Cl₂ /diethyl ether, m.p. 198°-199.5°C.

This compound (1.5 g) was dissolved in CH₃ OH (100 mL). To the solutionwas added sodium methoxide (320 mg) and the mixture was heated at 90° C.under a nitrogen atmosphere for about 2.5 hours. Solvent was removedunder vacuum, the residue suspended in water, and the pH adjusted to 4with 1N HCl. The product was extracted with CH₂ Cl₂ (3×100 mL) and thecombined extracts washed with water (100 mL), dried with MgSO₄, andpartially evaporated before separation on a silica gel chromatographycolumn. The column was first eluted with CH₂ Cl₂ containing 10% ethylacetate, followed by CH₂ Cl₂ containing 5% CH₃ OH, and the productisolated from the relevant fractions, m.p. 204°-206° C.

By the methods of Examples 1-5 using suitably substituted reagents, thecompounds according to Table III may be prepared.

                                      TABLE III                                   __________________________________________________________________________     ##STR19##                                                                    X  n Y*  m R.sup.1                                                                          R.sup.2                                                                         A BW            Q                                             __________________________________________________________________________    CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- ` O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               N  0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               N  0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                         3-ClC.sub.6 H.sub.4                           N  0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                       C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               N  0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               N  0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              S CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                       C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              S CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 1 7-CH.sub.3                                                                        0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                4-CH.sub.3 OC.sub.6 H.sub.4                   CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 O                                                                   C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.2 OH)CH.sub.2                                                            C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub. 2 CH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.2 OH)O                                                         C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                       3-CH.sub.3 SC.sub.6 H.sub.4                   CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                         3-NO.sub.2C.sub.6 H.sub.4                     CH 0 --  0 -- --                                                                              O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                                  3-BrC.sub.6 H.sub.4                           CH 0 --  1 H  H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)                                                      3-CF.sub.3C.sub.6 H.sub.4                     CH 0 --  1 CH.sub.3                                                                         H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                                   ##STR20##                                    CH 1 6-Cl                                                                              1 H  H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2S.sup.+ (O)                                                       C.sub.6 H.sub.5                               CH 0 --  2 H  H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                4-FC.sub.6 H.sub.4                            CH 0 --  1 H  H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2                                                          ##STR21##                                    CH 0 --  1 H  H O CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O                                                                 ##STR22##                                    __________________________________________________________________________     *Numbering based on 1,8naphthyridine.                                    

The following formulations exemplify some of the dosage forms of thecompositions of this invention. In each, the term "active compound"designates7-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-oxepino[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6(7H)-one.It is contemplated, however, that this compound may be replaced byequally effective amounts of other compounds of formula I.

Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Examples Example A

    ______________________________________                                        Tablets                                                                       No.  Ingredient        mg/tablet  mg/tablet                                   ______________________________________                                        1.   Active compound   100        500                                         2.   Lactose USP       122        113                                         3.   Corn Starch, Food Grade,                                                                         30         40                                              as a 10% paste in                                                             Purified Water                                                           4.   Corn Starch, Food Grade                                                                          45         40                                         5.   Magnesium Stearate                                                                               3          7                                               Total             300        700                                         ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Mix Item Nos. 1 and 2 in a suitable mixer for 10-15 minutes. Granulatethe mixture with Item No. 3. Mill the damp granules through a coarsescreen (e.g., 1/4") if needed. Dry the damp granules. Screen the driedgranules if needed and mix with Item No. 4 and mix for 10-15 minutes.Add Item No. 5 and mix for 1-3 minutes. Compress the mixture toappropriate size and weight on a suitable tablet machine.

EXAMPLE B

    ______________________________________                                        Capsules                                                                      No.  Ingredient        mg/capsule mg/capsule                                  ______________________________________                                        1.   Active compound   100        500                                         2.   Lactose USP       106        123                                         3.   Corn Starch, Food Grade                                                                          40         70                                         4.   Magnesium Stearate NF                                                                            4          7                                               Total             250        700                                         ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Mix Item Nos. 1, 2 and 3 in a suitable blender for 10-15 minutes. AddItem No. 4 and mix for 1-3 minutes. Fill the mixture into suitabletwo-piece hard gelatin capsules on a suitable encapsulating machine.

Example C

    ______________________________________                                        Parenteral                                                                    Ingredient           mg/vial  mg/vial                                         ______________________________________                                        Active Compound Sterile Powder                                                                     100      500                                             ______________________________________                                    

Add sterile water for injection or bacteriostatic water for injection,for reconstitution.

Example D

    ______________________________________                                        Injectable                                                                    Ingredient         mg/vial                                                    ______________________________________                                        Active Compound    100                                                        Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate                                                                         1.8                                                        Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate                                                                         0.2                                                        Sodium Bisulfite   3.2                                                        Disodium Edetate   0.1                                                        Sodium Sulfate     2.6                                                        Water for Injection q.s. ad                                                                      1.0 ml                                                     ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture (for 1000 vials)

1. Dissolve p-hydroxybenzoate compounds in a portion (85% of the finalvolume) of the water for injection at 65°-70° C.

2. Cool to 25°-35° C. Charge and dissolve the sodium bisulfite, disodiumedetate and sodium sulfate.

3. Charge and dissolve active compound.

4. Bring the solution to final volume by added water for injection.

5. Filter the solution through 0.22 membrane and fill into appropriatecontainers.

6. Finally sterilize the units by autoclaving.

Example E

    ______________________________________                                        Nasal Spray                                                                                       mg/ml                                                     ______________________________________                                        Active Compound       10.0                                                    Phenyl Mercuric Acetate                                                                             0.02                                                    Aminoacetic Acid USP  3.7                                                     Sorbitol Solution, USP                                                                              57.0                                                    Benzalkonium Chloride Solution                                                                      0.2                                                     Sodium Hydroxide 1N Solution to                                                                     --                                                      adjust pH                                                                     Water Purified USP to make                                                                          1.0 ml                                                  ______________________________________                                    

The following formulations exemplify some of the dosage forms in whichthe anti-psoriatic agents of the invention may be employed.

Example F

    ______________________________________                                        Ointment                                                                      Formula              mg/g                                                     ______________________________________                                        Active Compound      1.0-20.0                                                 Benzyl Alcohol, NF   20.0                                                     Mineral Oil, USP     50.0                                                     White Petrolatum, USP to make                                                                        1.0 g                                                  ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Disperse active compound in a portion of the mineral oil. Mix and heatto 65° C., a weighed quantity of white petrolatum, the remaining mineraloil and benzyl alcohol, and cool to 50°-55° C. with stirring. Add thedispersed active compound to the above mixture with stirring. Cool toroom temperature.

Example G

    ______________________________________                                        Cream                                                                         Formula                mg/g                                                   ______________________________________                                        Active Compound        1.0-20.0                                               Stearic Acid, USP      60.0                                                   Glyceryl Monostearate  100.0                                                  Propylene Glycol, USP  50.0                                                   Polyethylene Sorbitan Monopalmitate                                                                  50.0                                                   Sorbitol Solution, USP 30.0                                                   Benzyl Alcohol, NF     10.0                                                   Purified Water, USP to make                                                                            1.0 g                                                ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Heat the stearic acid, glyceryl monostearate and polyethylene sorbitanmonopalmitate to 70° C. In a separate vessel, dissolve sorbitalsolution, benzyl alcohol, water, and half quantity of propylene glycoland heat to 70° C. Add the aqueous phase to oil phase with high speedstirring. Dissolve the active compound in remaining quantity ofpropylene glycol and add to the above emulsion when the temperature ofemulsion is 37°-40° C. Mix uniformly with stirring and cool to roomtemperature.

Example H

    ______________________________________                                        Gel                                                                           Formula                mg./g                                                  ______________________________________                                        Active Compound        1.0-20.0                                               Propylene Glycol, USP  300.0                                                  Butylated Hydroxytoluene                                                                             5.0                                                    Carbomer 940           5.0                                                    Sodium Hydroxide (added as a 1% w/w                                                                  0.7                                                    solution in propylene glycol)                                                 Polyethylene Glycol 400, USP                                                                         669.3-688.                                             ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Prepare a 1% solution of the sodium hydroxide in propylene glycol. Addapproximately one-half the remaining propylene glycol and thepolyethylene glycol 400 to a suitable vessel and mix. Dissolve thebutylated hydroxytoluene in this mixture. Disperse the carbomer 940 inthe above mixture with vigorous agitation. Add the solution of sodiumhydroxide with high speed agitation to bring pH up to 7 and mix until athick gel forms. Dissolve the active compound in the remaining propyleneglycol and add to the gel slowly as the gel is continuously mixed.

Example I

    ______________________________________                                        Lotion                                                                        Formula                mg/g                                                   ______________________________________                                        Active Compound        1.0-20.0                                               Carbomer 940           3.0                                                    Sodium hydroxide (charged as 4% w/w                                                                   0.05                                                  acueous solution)                                                             Isopropyl Alcohol      40.00                                                  Purified Water, USP to make                                                                           .sup. 1.0 g                                           ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Prepare a 4% solution of sodium hydroxide in water. Heat the purifiedwater to 60° C. Add carbomer 940 and mix at high speed until dispersed.Cool the above mixture to room temperature and slowly charge sodiumhydroxide solution until uniform. Add 80% of isopropyl alcohol to theabove with mixing. Dissolve the active compound in remaining isopropylalcohol. Add this to the mixture with stirring. Adjust pH to 5.0 to 5.5with sodium hydroxide, if necessary.

Example J

    ______________________________________                                        Topical Aerosol                                                               Formula               mg/g                                                    ______________________________________                                        Active Compound       1.0-20.0                                                Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride                                                                        50.00                                                   Mineral Oil           20.00                                                   Denatured Alcohol     150.00                                                  Hydrocarbon Aerosol Propellant                                                                       .sup. 1.0 g                                            q.s. ad.                                                                      ______________________________________                                    

Method of Manufacture

Add and mix the caprylic/capric triglyceride mineral oil and speciallydenatured alcohol in a suitable compounding tank. Add the activecompound and continue mixing until the active compound is dissolved ordispersed uniformly. Fill the concentrate into cans and then fill therequired amount of hydrocarbon aerosol propellant.

While the present invention has been described in conjunction with thespecific embodiments set forth above, many alternatives, modificationsand variations thereof will be apparent to those of ordinary skill inthe art. All such alternatives, modifications and variations areintended to fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

We claim:
 1. A compound having the structural formula ##STR23## or apharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: X represents CH orN;A represents O or S; m is an ineger of from 0 to 2; n is an integer offrom 0 to 2; R¹ and R² are the same or different and each isindependently selected from H or alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Wrepresents O or --S(O)_(p) -- where p is an integer of from 0 to 2; Brepresents alkylene having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, which alkylene maybe optionally substituted with a group selected from --OH, --F, alkylhaving 1 to 4 carbon atoms, --CH₂ OH, --CHO, --CO₂ H, --COR³ {wherein R³is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or --CN}, with the proviso that --OH or--F is not on the carbon atom adjacent to W; Q represents an aryl groupcontaining from 6 to 15 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic groupcontaining from 3 to 14 carbon atoms and having at least one O, S or Nin the ring, which aryl or aromatic heterocyclic group can optionally besubstituted with up to 3 substituents Y as defined below; and each Ysubstituent is independently selected from --OH, hydroxymethyl, alkylcontaining from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, halo, --NO₂, alkoxy containing 1 to6 carbon atoms, --CF₃, --CN, cycloalkyl containing 3 to 7 carbon atoms,alkenyloxy containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyloxy containingfrom 3 to 6 carbon atoms, alkynyloxy containing from 3 to 6 carbonatoms, --S(O)_(p) R⁴ {where R⁴ and p are as defined above}, --CO--R⁵{wherein R⁵ represents --OH, --NH₂, --NHR⁴, --N(R⁴)₂ or --OR⁴ in whichR⁴ is as defined above}, --O--D--COR⁵ {wherein D represents alkylenehaving from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R⁵ is as defined above}, --NH₂,--NHR⁴, --N(R⁴)₂ {wherein R⁴ is as defined above} or --NHCOH.
 2. Acompound according to claim 1 wherein W is oxygen.
 3. A compoundaccording to claim 2 wherein A is oxygen.
 4. A compound according toclaim 3 wherein X represents CH.
 5. A compound according to claim 4wherein -B-W- represents an alkyleneoxy group which may optionally besubstituted with a group selected from --OH, --F, --CN, alkyl having 1to 4 carbon atoms, --CH₂ OH, --CHO, --CO₂ H or --COR³ wherein R³represents --NHR⁴, --N(R⁴)₂ or --OR⁴ and R⁴ is alkyl, with the provisothat --OH and --F are not on the carbon adjacent to the oxygen of saidalkylenoxy group.
 6. A compound according to claim 5 wherein -B-W-represents --(CH₂)₄ --O-- or --(CH₂)₃ --O--.
 7. A compound according toclaim 6 wherein m equals zero.
 8. A compound according to claim 7wherein n equal zero.
 9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein Qrepresents phenyl or substituted phenyl.
 10. A compound according toclaim 9 wherein the one to three Y substituents on the O phenyl groupare each independently selected from chloro, nitro or trifluoromethyl.11. A compound according to claim 1 of the formula ##STR24## wherein A,B, W, Y and n are as defined in claim 23 and q is 0 to 2, and wherein,if n plus p is greater than 1, the Y groups may be the same ordifferent.
 12. A compound according to claim 1 selectedfrom7-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-oxepine[2,3-c]-[1,8]-naphthyridin-6(7H)-one;7-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-oxepine[2,3-c][1,8]-naphathyridin-6(7H)-one; 2,3-dihydro-6-phenyl-1H-pyrano[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-5(6H)-one; or1,2-dihydro-5-phenylfuro[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-4[5-H]-one. 13.7-(3-Chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrooxepino[2,3-c][1,8]-naphthyridin-6(7H)-one.14. A compound according to claim 5 wherein -B-W- represents --(CH₂)₄--O-- or --(CH₂)₃ --O--.
 15. A compound according to claim 14 wherein mequals
 0. 16. A compound according to claim 15 wherein n equals
 0. 17. Acompound according to claim 17 wherein Q represents phenyl orsubstituted phenyl.
 18. A compound according to claim 18 wherein thesubstituted phenyl is substituted with from one to three Y substituentgroups each independently selected from chloro, nitro ortrifluoromethyl.
 19. A compound having the formula ##STR25## wherein A,B, W, Y and n are as defined in claim 1, q is 0 to 2, and wherein if nplus q is greater than 1, the Y groups may be the same or different. 20.An anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective oranti-hyperproliferative skin disease pharamceutical compositioncomprising a compound of formula I in combination with apharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 21. A method of treating anallergic reaction in a mammal which comprises administering to saidmammal an anti-allergic effective amount of a compound of formula I asdefined in claim
 1. 22. A method of treating inflammation in a mammalwhich comprises administering to said mammal an anti-inflammatoryeffective amount of a compound of formula I as defined in claim
 1. 23. Amethod of treating peptic ulcers in a mammal which comprisesadministering to said mammal a cytoprotective effective amount of acompound of formula I as defined in claim
 1. 24. A method of treatinghyperproliferative skin disease in a mammal which comprises topicallyadministering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound offormula I as defined in claim
 1. 25. The method of claim 24 wherein thedisease treated is psoriasis, lichenified eczema or seborrheicdermatitis.
 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the disease treated ispsoriasis.
 27. A method for treating allergic reactions in a mammalwhich comprises administering an anti-allergic effective amount of thepharmaceutical composition defined in claim 1 to said mammal.
 28. Amethod for treating inflammation in a mammal which comprisesadministering an anti-inflammatory effective amount of thepharmaceutical composition defined in claim 1 to said mammal.
 29. Amethod for treating peptic ulcers in a mammal which comprisesadministering a cytoprotective effective amount of the pharmaceuticalcomposition defined in claim 23 to said mammal.
 30. A method fortreating hyperproliferative skin diseases in a mammal which comprisestopically administering an effective amount of a pharmaceuticalcomposition defined in claim 1 to said mammal.
 31. A method according toclaim 30 wherein the disease is psoriasis, lichenified eczema orseborrhoeic dermatitis.
 32. A method according to claim 31 wherein thedisease is psoriasis.
 33. A method for treating a mammal suffering froma hyperproliferative skin disease which comprises administering aneffective amount of a compound as defined in claim 1 to said mammal.